Lišejníky (Lichenes)
Lišejníky (Lichenes)
- = lichenizované houby
- lichenologie = věda, kteár se zabývá lišejníky
- podvojný organismus
- houba - heterotrofní + sinice/zelená řasa - autotrofní
- pohlavně se rozmnožuje pouze houba, ale nejčastěji nepohlavně
- tělo = stélka:
- keříčkovitá
- lišejník přirostlý k podkladu malou plochou
- např. dutohlávka sobí
- lupenitá
- přirostlá větší části k podkladu
- např. terčovka bublinatá, terčovník zední
- korovitá
- celá stélka přirostlá k podkladu
- např. lišejník zeměpisný
- keříčkovitá
- anatomie:
- tvořený houbou + sinicí/zelenou řasou
- vrstvy:
- svrchní korová vrstva
- řasová vrstva
- dřeňová vrstva
- spodní korová vrstva
- rhiziny
- význam:
- jedny z prvních organismů, které osidlují nově vzniklé oblasti a narušují podklad pro další organismy
- indikátory čistoty ovzduší
- zdroje potravy tam, kde jsou např. nízké teploty
- zástupci:
- dutohlávka sobí
- terčovka bublinatá
- terčovník zední
- lišejník zeměpisný
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